Civil Engineer Interview Questions For Experienced Engineers

CIVIL ENGINEERING INTERVIEW QUESTION.

1.Name various authorities or workers on a construction site?

a.Senior Engineer/Project manager 

b.Site Engineer

c.Contracter

d.Mistri

e.Mason/labor

2 What is least cover provided for different RCC Members?

Footing 50 mm

2 Column 40mm

3.Beam = 25mm

4 Slab = 20mm

3. What are the functions of column in a building? 

Column is a verticle member in building whose primary function is to support structural load and transfer it through beams Upper columns transfers the load to the lower columns and finally to the ground through footings

4.What is the cement sand & aggregate ratios for various grades of concrete mix?

1.M10 - 1:3:6

2.M15 1:2:4

3. M20 1:1.5:3

4 M25-1:1:2

5.M30-1:1:1

5.What do you mean by honeycomb in concrete?

Honeycomb, also known as airpocket is nothing but the air voids in concrete is usually formed during concrete Casting.In lack of inpropionate compaction. 

6.Does Water damage concrete?

Plain concrete is not affected or damaged by water but Reinforced Concrete (RCC) can be damaged due to water This is because the water may seep into the concrete and

corrode the steel reinforcement inside

7.What is the initial and final setting time of ideal cement mix?

Initial setting time for ideal cement mix is around 30 minutes for almost all kind of cements For masonry cementiran be 90minutes. Final setting time of ideal cement mix should be 10 hours at max. For masonry cement it shouldn't exceed 24hours

8.What are common methods of curing the concrete? • Wet covering of Surface?

• Spraying

• Ponding

.Application of curing chemicals

.Steam curing

9. What is the formula for weight of steel? 

Weight of steel in kg can be calculate by formula (D2*L)/162 where D is diameter of steel bar in millimeter and L is total length of steel bar in meter.

10.What do you know about "TMT"? 

TMT stands for "Thermo Mechanically Treated" Generally we use TMT bars and sheet for construction purposes for the reason that they have high strength and high corrosion resistance compared to normal steels.

11. What is difference between working stress method and limit state method?

Working stress method is an elastic design method in which structure is designed to bear the load upto elastic limit. Whereas, limit state method is a plastic design method in which structure is designed to bear the load beyond plastic limit.

12. What field tests are required for quality check of cement?

Quality of cement can be checked with color, physical properties, etc. Cement should have grey color with light greenish shade. It should feel smooth when rubbed between fingers. If hand is inserted in a heap of cement or its bags, it should feel cool. When pinch of cement is thrown in Water then cement should float for some time before it sink. Also, it should be lump free

13. What are the types of foundation used in construction?

There are basically two types of foundation: Shallow & Deep foundation. Again shallow foundation can be classified as spread footing, combined footing, strap or cantilever footing and finally mat or raft footing. Deep foundations can be classified as pile footing, pier footing. caissons footing and well foundation.

14.What are the types of cement?

There are various types of cement which are Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), White Portland Cement (WPC), Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC), Low Heat Portland Cement. Coloured Portland Cement. Hydrophobic cement, Rapid Hardening Cement, Portland

Slag Cement, Sulphate resisting Portland Cement, etc It is a process in which mixture of cement & sand in proportion of

15.What is guniting?

1:3 is shooted on concrete surface with the help of cement gun under pressure of 2 to 3 kg/cm2. It is a highly effective process for repairing concrete walls or damaged surfaces

16. What is the function of sand in mortar? 

The main role of sand (aggregate) in mortar or plaster is to provide core strength, but it has other benefits too. If water is mixed with binder without adding sand to the mixture, both compressive and tensile strength of the mixture would be drastically lower than in mixture with added sand. It also helps to prevent mortar shrinkage. increases density and helps in setting

17. What are various tests for checking brick quality? 

We can use water absorption test, hardness test, shape & size, crushing strength test, soundness test, etc to check the brick quality in water absorption test, we dip the brick for 16 hours in water If weight of brick after dipping in water doesn't exceed by 20%, it can be considered as first class brick, if below 22.5% it can be considered as second class brick, if below 25% it can be considered as third class brick. In crushing test, it crushing strength should be minimum of 10 N/mm2 for first class brick, 75 N/mm2 for second class bricks. In hardness test, we scratch the brick with nails. It should be scratch free In soundness test we check the metallic sound by striking two bricks with each other.

 18. What is void ratio?

Void ratio is the ratio of volume of voids to volume of solids The civil engineering interview questions asked above are useful knowledge required in day-to-day work on field as a site engineer Hence, it is vital to have sound knowledge of these basic questions.

19. What is OSHA compliance?

OSHA stands for Occupational Safety and Health Act, its motive is to fulfill the health and safety requirement of employees and workers. It is a standard for health and safety that is followed by every industrial segment and corporate offices throughout U.S.A

20.Mention what are the composition of a landfill?

For secure landfill, there are four critical elements

The bottom liner A leachate collection system

. A cover

• Natural hydrogeologic settings

21.List out some of the software used in the construction sector to estimate cost and monitoring expenses?

• Tally System .

.Sage

• Maxwell System

• Premier construction software

.eTakeoff

• Construction partner, etc.

22.What are the different types of foundation?

Three main types of foundation are...  1.Basement: In this a basement is prepared first on top of it building is constructed

2.Crawl space: A crawl space is a raised foundation, it is built above the ground, just allowing enough space to crawl underneath.

3. Slab: In this foundation, concrete is directly poured into the pit made in the ground. 

(i) Isolated footing.

(ii)Combind footing.

4.Raft Footing.

5.Pile Foundation 

23.Explain what is Hybrid Foundation?

Hybrid Foundation is usually used for high rise building, it contains both soil supported mat and piles. This type of foundation is helpful in reducing the amount of the settlement. What are the common ways of demolition?

1 Hydro-demolition 

2 Pressure Bursting

3. Dismantling

24.Explain what is floating slab foundation?

A floating concrete foundation is a type of mat foundation that consists of the hollow mat formed by a grid of thick reinforced concrete walls between two thick reinforced concrete slabs

25.Explain what is flashing?

Flashing is an extended construction that is done to seal and protects joints in a building from water penetration, Flashing is installed at the intersecting roofs, walls and parapets. Mention different types of roof systems?

1 Slate or Stone roofs

2 Wood shingle roofs 

3. Metal roofing systems

26.Explain what are the phases inspections are done by local authority while construction?

Various inspections during the construction includes

$ Site Inspection

$ Pre-construction or first construction Inspection 

$Foundation inspection(before placing of concrete)

$Framing inspection (before insulating or covering frame)

$ Insulation inspection (After insulation is completed).

$Final inspection (after all construction is completed, and permits are received)

27 List out some of the checking's, done at the completion of construction?

Some of the checking done on the exterior of the construction is

a.Utility connections

b.Drainage

c.Retaining walls

d.Compaction of fill material

e.Caulking at opening Storm sewer system

f.Safety provision (terraces, porches, areaways)

g.Accessory buildings

h. Pavement edging

i. Protection against moisture penetration

j.Design of dwelling structure 

28.Explain what is alternate bid?

Alternate bid is the amount stated in the bid to be deducted or added from the base bid amount Alternate bid is proposed when there is a use of alternate materials or methods of construction.

29.Explain, what is change order request?

Change order request is a written document issued or given by the owner, requesting an adjustment to the contract sum or an extension of the contract time. Usually, it is issued by the architect or owners representative.

30.If you have to estimate a Building, what type of data do you need?

~A project specification- Document which describe the quantity, type, nature, construction method and size of construction work.

~Project drawings- Architectural Drawing Includes The buildings for 2-D and 3-D. 

~Rates of materials- Usually to know the The average construction cost of home depend on the material cost.that varies location wise

 31.What is the size of Fine aggregate?

(<4,75 sieve, passing-ex-Sand)

32. Why Are Pull-out Tests Performed For Soil Nails? 

Pull out tests are performed for primarily the following reasons:-

 a.In order to detect and the verification of the bond strength among the soil and the grout adopted during the design of soil nails. This is considered to be as the primary objective of performing pull out tests for soil nails.

b.For the detection of any slippage or occurrence of creeps.

c. To detect the elastic and deformations (plastic) of any of the test nails employed. Observations are made during the loading and unloading cycles of the soil nails repetitively.

d.To achieve the perfect balance the test nails should always be loaded so that the ultimate soil/grout mixture with an upper limit of 80%.

33.What do you mean by bulking?

~The volume increase of fine aggregate due to presence of Moisture Content in it.

34. Which cement is used for mainly building construction where strength required with age-

(PPC)

35. Why Is Propping Required For Long Structures Once The Form Work Is Removed?

~Once the process of concreting is performed the striking of the formworks should be done as soon as possible as delay in this process can lead to the discoloration of the concrete structures. In case of long structures particularly long span structures once the structures have attained enough strength to support themselves it is essential to provide them with propping as creep deflection can take place which can greatly reduce the integrity of the structure.

Due to the above mentioned reasons propping should be done after the removal of formwork Also the props should not be made to stand long as it can lead to overstress for the structures.

36.Unit Weight of RCC

(25kn/cum)

37 Thickness of DPC-

50mm

38.Water to be used in concrete must have a PH value of?

(6 to 8.5)

39. What is BBS?

Bar bending schedule meaning way to organizing rebar's for structural unit, giving detailed drawings reinforcement requirement.

40.What is material statement?-

it's a Table showing quantity of materials required for a particular work. For the Excavation, Brick work, R.C.CP.C.C and ather

41. What is analysis of rates?

-it's a process in which overall cost of any item of work is determined per unit quantity of work.

42 What do you mean by demising walls?

The demising wall is used for the border that separates your land from neighbour's house.

43. What is the Tension and Compression zone in Cantilever Beam?

In Cantilever Beam, the Tension zone is located above the Neutral Axis and the Compression zone is located below the Neutral Axis.

44.What is least cover provided for different RCC Members?

Footing 50 mm

.Column= 40mm

Beam 25mm

Slab 20mm T

45. Which grade of concrete is considered as HSC (High Strength Concrete)?

As per IS 456: 2000 (Table 2), the grade of concrete considered as HSC (High Strength Concrete) is M65, M70, M75, M80, M85, M90, M95, and M100.

46. What are the functions of column in a building?

Column is a verticle member in building whose primary function is to

support structural load and transfer it through beams. Upper columns

transfers the load to the lower columns and finally to the ground

through footings.

47 What is the cement sand & aggregate ratios for various grades of concrete mix?

• M1O - 1:3:6

• MI5-1:2:4

M20-1:1.5:3

• M25-1:1:2

.M30-1:1:1

48.What do you mean by honeycomb in concrete? 

Honeycomb, also known as airpocket, is nothing but the air voids in concrete. It is usually formed during concrete casting.

49.Why should pumping be not used in case of concreting works?

During the pumping operation the pump exerted pressure must overcome any friction between the pumping pipes and the concrete, also the weight of the concrete and the pressure head when the concrete is placed above the pumps. Since only water is pump able, all the pressure generated is by the water that is present in the concrete. The major problem due to pumping are segregation effects and bleeding. In order to rectify and reduce these effects, generally the proportion of the cement is increased in order to increase the cohesion, which leads to the reduction of segregation and bleeding. Also if a proper selection of the aggregate grading can vastly improve the concrete pump ability

50. What is the number of concrete cube samples taken for 6-15 cubic meter concrete?

As per IS 456: 2000 [Clause - 15.2 2], the number of concrete cube samples taken for 6-15 cubic meter concrete is 2, which consists of 6 concrete cubes.

1 samples = 3 test specimens = 3 concrete cube.

Thanks....

Er.Pawan Kumar.